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German Steel Helmets : 1916-1960
The following table lists an overview of the different types of German Steel Helmets, issued between 1916 and the early 60'ties. This list is far from complete, but it gives a nice overview of the complexity and many variations issued during the years. The list was compiled based on several reference books on the subject, which can be found below.
Abbreviation(s) :
LB : Ludwig Bear, followed by a page number
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Steel Pickelhaube |
Ersatz type of pickelhaube |
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Gaede Helmet |
Fist limited used experimental helmet |
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Model 1916 with leather liner (liner M16) |
No decals or markings, except medics |
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Model 1916 with metal liner (liner M17) |
No decals or markings, except medics |
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Model 1918 |
No decals or markings, except medics |
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Model 1918 with ear cut away |
No decals or markings, except medics |
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Model 1916/1918 with hand painted shields or insignia |
Handpainted markings for Leib/Guard regiments Prussian shield (black/white) on the left side, Regimental number or letter L at the back Machine gunner sign Black cross Red company number on the back |
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Variations |
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Model 1918 with removed side vents |
LB |
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M16 Austrian helmet with visor |
LB, 348 |
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Austrian mod 1916 helmet |
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Berndorfer |
Austrian model |
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Irish model 1926 helmet |
As from 1926 See our related article. Click here. <A HREF="http://meltingpot.fortunecity.com/utah/894/irishm27.htm">The Irish model 1926 helmet </A> |
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Model 18 'Turkish' helmet with cut away visor |
Used by the German Army, Freikorps troops, 1919 |
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Model 18 'Turkish' helmet with full visor variant |
Used by the German Army, Freikorps troops, 1919 |
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Model 1916, 1918 with shields with WW1 liners |
Either handpainted (early) shields or decals were applied on the helmet |
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Model 1916, 1918 with mod 31 liner |
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Pressed canvas covered felt |
LB, 91 |
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Vulkanfiber
helmet |
Around 1933, experimental |
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Model 1916, 1918 with shields |
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Model 1916, 1918 with mod 31 liner |
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Model 35 |
As from
1935 |
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Model
35/40 |
As from 1940 |
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Model 42 |
As from 1942 |
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M18 ventless |
Re-issued in 1940 (LB, 113) |
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Paratrooper – 1st style |
As from 1936 |
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Paratrooper – 2nd style |
-- |
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Tropenhelm Model 41 (tropical helmet) |
As from 1941 |
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Tropenhelm Model 42 (tropical helmet) |
As from 1942 |
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Fire Brigades |
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Vulkan Fiber |
As from 1932 |
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Model 34 |
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Model 34 plus leather neck flap |
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Fire brigade helmet – 35-40 |
During 1935-1940 |
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Fire brigade helmet – 40-45 |
During 1940-1945 |
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Parade Helmets |
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Vulkan Fiber |
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M18 parade with ear cut away |
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Aluminum parade helmet |
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M35 Aluminum Army officers |
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M35 Vulkanfiber Officers |
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M18 Aluminum ear cut away |
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M35 Fiber Plastic |
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Waffen-SS / SS-Verfugungstruppen |
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M16, M18 |
Black painted with bordered black-white swastika on the left side , or no insignia at all Note : the silver SS runes on a black shield introduced on 23 Feb 1934 (right side helmet), while the black/white/red shield appeared on the left. Note : On 12 Aug 1935, it was ordered to introduce an insignia of black runes on a silver shield (right) and a Swastika shield (left) |
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Leightweight Algemeinse-SS, square dip |
Satin black finish, LB 186 |
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Leightweight
Algemeinse-SS, M35 type |
Light
green, LB 187 |
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Vulkanfiber
Algemeine-SS helmet |
Satin black finish, LB 192 |
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SS-VT Chromium Steel |
As from 1934 Liner attached with core rivets; RZM and runes stamped in the surface inside; leather liner band with rune markings |
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M35 |
Grey-colored helmets were introduced on 11 May 1936 for the Leibstandarte nine infantry companies and SS Standarte 2. All other SS units received the M35 the next month (LB 182) |
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M35,M35/40, M42 |
As from March 1940, the Swastika shield was removed from the helmets From Nov 1st 1943, the SS runes (and the Swastika shield) were no longer applied to the helmet and came blank delivered from the factory. |
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Police |
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M16, M18, M16 Austrian , M18 ear cut out |
Still in use on April 1934 Medium green, Light green, Satin black, Satin blue, etc… Note : 1933 – 23 April 1934 : Left side decal with black/white prussian decal , right side white swastika 23 April 1934 – July 1934 : Left side decal with black/white/red pointed national decal , right side white swastika July 1934 – 28 July 1936 : Left side decal with standard national black/white/red decal , right side larger mobile white swastika with black border |
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M16, M18, M16 Austrian , M18 ear cut out, M35 |
As from 28 July 1936 : For police troops, fire police rural police (gendarmerie) and protection police (Schutzpolizei des Reiches) : Medium green, Light green, Satin black, Satin blue, etc… Note : 1936 – 8 May 1945 : Small silver spread-winged eagle inside an oval oakleaf wreath, perched on top a small circular wreath enclosing a mobile swastika, all on a black shield (left side). A party shield in the form of a black mobile swastika positioned in a white circle on a red shield with a black border (right) The Police Fire brigades (Feuerwehr) has similar insignia, but the eagle had a silver border. Rural Police had green helmets, often without insignia Marine Costal Police (Marine-Küstenpolizei) and the Water Protection Police (Wasserschutzpolizei) used the same insignia, but had gold colored left side police decal. (bordered and unbordered) |
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M16, M18
helmets – Danzig Police |
White dead head on the right side After 1935 : white bordered red shield with 2 white crosses and a yellow crown |
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M35 - Danzig Police |
As from 1939 with smaller white dead head on the right side |
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SA Feldjägerkorps (SA Field Police) helmets |
Large mobile white swastika (right) and a metal Prussian Police sunburst on the right, LB 250 |
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M16 Austrian |
Eg. Satin black finish (LB, 247), Light field grey, Light green, etc..; |
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M34 Fire brigade square dip with civil style M31 liner Note : M34 had a variety of air vents, eg. 4 clusters of 7 air openings, screened openings, salt shaker vents (LB, 274) |
2 large air vents at each side Satin black finish |
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M35 |
Eg. Field-grey (LB, 257) |
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M40 style with civil M31 style leather liner |
Light green parade finish, LB 255 |
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M35/40 (eg. With Y chinstrap) |
Eg. Light-green (LB, 258), grey-green, etc... |
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M32 Czech helmet |
With police decal |
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Lightweight helmet - civil style M31 leather liner |
Eg. Light green parade finish |
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M40, M42 models |
Eg. Light green parade, field-grey (LB, 260), camo mustard-yellow (LB, 260) |
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16 Austrian with screened air vents |
Eg. Light green parade finish (LB, 247) |
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Luftschutz-style "Flat-rim" helmet with police decal |
Eg. Satin Black (LB, 266) |
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Luftschutz (Air-rescue) |
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Note : various colors possible : Satin Black, Medium green, Light-green, white (with red
cross), Satin Dark-blue, Medium Grey, Grey-green, Dark blue, Satin Medium Grey-Green |
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M16 Austrian helmet |
With sunburst RLB decal, LB 285 |
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M34 RLB
helmet |
With sunburst RLB decal, LB 284 |
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M16 Austrian helmet |
Luftschutz decal |
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M16 Austrian helmet with screened air vents |
Luftschutz decal |
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M38 3-piece Luftschutz helmet |
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M39 2-piece Luftschutz helmet |
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M44 1-piece Luftschutz helmet |
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M35 "beaded" helmet |
LB 298 |
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M35/40 "beaded" helmet |
LB 299 |
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M42 "beaded" helmet |
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M26 French Adrian Luftschutz |
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M32 Czech
Luftschutz helmet |
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M40 Russian Luftschutz helmet |
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M34 square dip Note : M34 had a variery of air vents, eg. 4 clusters of 7 air openings, screened openings, salt shaker vents (LB, 274) |
Can have sunburst RLB decal, LB 284 |
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Fire Brigades
(Fuerwehr) and Fire Protection Police (FuerwehrPolizei) |
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Austrian M16 with pair of screened circular vents |
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Austrian M16 with four sets of seven-hole vent rosettes |
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Vulkanfiber
helmet |
LB, 267 |
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M34 helmet with comb |
Eg. Satin black with aluminum comb, Aluminum colored finish (LB,270) |
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M34 helmet with comb removed (leather plugs added) |
Satin black (LB, 271) |
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M34 without comb – civil defense liner |
Satin black (LB,271) |
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Helmet like the M35 with smooth transition between visor and apron |
As from 1938 |
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Edelstahl helmet |
LB, 274 |
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Short visor model (always without comb) |
LB, 274 Comes often with a plastic black chin strap |
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Note: Various liners were used : (LB, 274)
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LuftschutzPolizei |
As from 1942, helmet of the Luftschuz but with different decals |
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Double
decal Luftschutzpolizei helmets |
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Deutsche
Volkspolizei |
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Model 56
– 1st type |
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Model 56
– 2nd type |
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Paratrooper
helmet |
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Panzer
helmet |
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Model M1A1 |
As from 1954 |
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Model FJ60 |
As from 1958 |
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Helm-Bodentruppen |
As from 1960 |
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Luftlandetruppen (para helmet) |
Experimental design |
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Paratrooper |
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Panzer |
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Marine helmet |
As from 1959 |